https://www.scales-chords.com/chordid.php Does an okay job I think? Sometimes the names get very convoluted for slash chords. And for subs and rootless chords it's hard for it to tell you the context.
To tell you the truth, I think it’s easier just to learn triad and 7th chord construction and then just familiarize yourself with the sound of the upper extensions or alterations. learn it in C and then transpose later.
CDEFGAB is a c major scale. the chords are constructed in thirds, so every other note.
triads would be CEG, DFA, EGB, FAC, GBD, ACE, BDF
maj, min, min, maj, maj, min, dim
root-3-5, root-b3-5, root-b3-5, root-3-5, root-3-5, root-b3-5, root-b3-b5
for 7ths you add another CEGB, DFAC, EGBD, FACE, GBDF, ACEG, BDFA
maj7, min7, min7, maj7, 7th, min7, half dim (or min7b5)
root-3-5-7, root-b3-5-b7, root-b3-5-b7, root-3-5-7, root-3-5-b7, root-b3-5-b7, root-b3-b5-b7
and then of course keep going for 9, 11, 13.
also notice the top three notes in that CEGB (Cmaj7) - it's an Eminor triad.
but after 7ths, i sort of stop thinking about the whole chord construction and just think about what extension i'm featuring along with with 1, 3 & 7 (or just 3 & 7 for rootless). i would say learn all of your drop 2/3 7th shapes by heart. you can play most music with them. then figure out the degrees for each of your fingers. then either the note names or get feel of jamming extensions/alterations on top of them, either one first.
you can mostly paint by numbers with your chord shapes if you know which finger is which degree in the chord (instead of the note name) - e.g. in a C major drop 3 voicing from the root - 8x998x i know it's root-x-7th-3rd-5th before i recognize it as CxBEGx. that comes in handy in weird keys for thinking quickly.
https://www.jazzguitar.be/blog/drop-2-chords/ https://www.jazzguitar.be/blog/drop-3-chords/